National Sovereignty An Example Of A Sovereign Nation

National sovereignty means that a nation is independent, it is governed by the people, and the nation can control itself. America is an example of a sovereign nation. Tribal sovereignty is a Native American tribe’s right to govern themselves, watch over their property, regulate their trade and businesses, make and enforce laws, and to tax,. With tribal sovereignty however, they can not declare war, engage in foreign relations, or print and issue currency. Currently there are about 565 sovereign tribal nations. Two hundred twenty five of these nations are in Alaska, and the other 340 tribes are located the 48 lower states (SFI 1, downsizinggovernment.org) A tribe can only be federally recognized as sovereign three ways, there can be an act passed in congress, they can go through the procedures as stated in Federal Acknowledgement Process (FAP), or their can be a decision in the United States court. It is important to note that even if a tribe is sovereign, the people of the tri be are American citizens. They can vote, hold office, pay taxes, follow laws, and are allowed to serve in the armed forces. Native American tribes are allowed to have casinos on their land thanks to the Supreme Courts decision in the Cabazon vs. California case in 1987. This case came about when California officials threatened to shut down a bingo parlor owned by the Native American tribe Cabazon on their reservation. The supreme court said because California, and many other states at the time, didShow MoreRelatedThe World Of The Global Community1438 Words   |  6 Pagesthe role of nation states is bring reduced. Global organisations are taking on a more expansive role in the governing of the world. Organisations such as the United Nations, The World Bank, the World Health Organisation, the G8 and the G20 taking on important roles in regulating all facets of the policy around the world. Placing requirements on sovereign nations to achieve standards, in fields such as Economics, health, education, and even national security. National sovereignty is being challengedRead MoreMeaning Of Nation And State1287 Words   |  6 Pagesweve come to use in our global parlance the word nation-state to identify these places its a term we dont think too much about we use it freely without going to our dictionaries but the truth is of course that nation-state as a term quite often fails to adequately describe many of these countries where for example civil war is a continuing reality so maybe by pulling the term apart we can get a better understanding of how these two words nation and state can come together now the state is whatRead MoreParliamentary Sovereignty Is No Longer, If It Ever Was Absolute1175 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Parliamentary sovereignty is no longer, if it ever was, absolute† (Lord Hope). Discuss with reference to at least three challenges to the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. Parliamentary sovereignty is the concept that Parliament has the power to repeal, amend or create any law i t wishes and therefore no body in the UK can challenge its legal validity. There are many people who would argue that this is a key principle to the UK Constitution, on the other hand, there are those who strongly believeRead MoreGlobalization and European Integration: Eroding the Sovereignty of the Nation State in Europe1615 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿European Politics Discuss the proposition that globalisation and European integration have eroded the sovereignty of the nation state in Europe The essay begins by looking at the aspect of globalisation, before considering the thoughts and functionality of European integration leading to a ‘supernation’ Europe. ‘Sovereignty refers to the ultimate source of authority in society. The sovereign is the highest and final decision-maker within a community.’ Hague Harrop (2007). Comparative GovernmentRead MoreBritain and the European Union Essay example1068 Words   |  5 Pagesthe effects on Britain’s sovereignty since joining the European Union . The term integration can be understood, in context of the European Union, as a situation of unification between individually sovereign nations into a collective body, sufficient to make that body a workable whole. A fully integrated European Union could be seen to have two possible outcomes. Either a)A Federalist or ‘stewed’ union, where all member states give up their individual sovereignty and form a superstate that Read MoreTheoretical Framework. The Nation. The Concept Of The Nation1084 Words   |  5 PagesTheoretical Framework The Nation The concept of the nation has proved to be quite tricky to precisely define. Definitions of the nation often suggest the a nation is a group of people to whom common characteristics have been attributed. Common Language, ethnicity, history and/or religion our amongst the features commonly attributed to nations. Kymlicka for example suggests that â€Å" nation means a historical community, more or less institutionally complete, occupying a given territory or homelandRead MoreInternational Relations During The Cold War1750 Words   |  7 PagesEssay over International Relations This paper will talk about how international relations changed after the cold war in four parts. The first part will be talking about environment. The second part will be talking about religion. The third part is sovereignty. The fourth part will have changes in statehood. The fifth part will talk about gender and then the conclusion. Environment has been growing as an academic subject for the past three decades and now it is on the â€Å"international agenda† (Jackson)Read Moreis globalization undermining state sovereignty?1559 Words   |  7 Pagesaccording to some, threaten the authority of nation-states. Indeed it can be thought that globalization is causing the end of borders between countries and what is more that it is creating a sort of universal society in which states’ sovereignty is not the main authority anymore. However this essay will try to demonstrate that globalization is not undermining state sovereignty but that it is in fact leading to its transformation and to a new variety of nations. In order to prove it I will first defineRead MoreIs International Human Rights Activity? Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pageseven a nation. Societies are founded on the idea of dominion and other societies have learned to embrace cultural differences and give credibility to them as a result. However today’s era of globalisation has yet to shake off fully the imperialistic attitude that was prevalent up until the 1800. While the intention behind the creation of fundamental human rights – such as the Charter of the United Nations – was an amicable one, the reality has given rise to anomalies when dealing with nations thatRead MoreGlobalization Has Changed Over The World1416 Words   |  6 PagesIn the past few decades globalization has been rapidly intensifying, as nation states are being more and more interdependent towards one another culturally, politically and socially, the world has almost become a single network of complex relations between states. Although the definition of Globalization has varied and changed over the years and amongst theorist and scholars, globalization is nothing new, it has occurred since the dawn of time, rather its rate has intensified rapidly due to the advancement

Introduction. Hiv Is A Virus That Attacks The Immune System,

Introduction HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, which is our body’s natural defense against illness. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS (or acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is the last stage in a progression of diseases resulting from HIV. The diseases include several unusual and severe infections, cancers and debilitating illnesses, resulting in severe weight loss, and diseases affecting the brain. There is no cure for HIV infections or AIDS. The causes of HIV/AIDS You can get HIV from contact with infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluids. Most people get the virus by having unprotected sex with someone who has HIV. The human immunodeficiency virus is a retrovirus that causes HIV infection and over time†¦show more content†¦HIV-2 can be detected using the same test as HIV-1. There are 8 known HIV-2 groups, Groups A through H. Only groups A and B are pandemic. Group A is mainly found in West Africa but it has been seen the Europe, Asia, and the United States whereas Group B is limited to West Africa. What are symptoms of HIV/AIDS? Some people may experience a flu-like illness within 2-4 weeks after HIV infection. Some people may not feel sick during this stage. Flu-like symptoms can include fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, sleepiness, swollen lymph nodes, and mouth ulcers. Although each case is different, symptoms between men and women vary. Women with HIV tend to have problems related to reproductive health, including changes to their menstrual cycle or absence of periods. Bacterial and yeast infections may be more common in women who are HIV-positive. Risk of STDs, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and HPV, are increased in women who are infected. Also, women are more susceptible towards pelvic inflammatory diseases. Men infected with HIV go through three stages-acute illness, asymptomatic period, advanced infection. Acute illness lasts until the body has created antibodies against HIV. After the initial symptoms disappear, HIV may not cause any other symptoms for months or years. Du ring this time, the virus reproduces and begins to weaken your immune system. You won’t feel or look sick, but the virus is still active, and you can easily transmit it toShow MoreRelatedThe Hiv Virus And Then Resources1318 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Æ' Contents 1. Introduction 2. Resources Available 3. Measures which enhance quality of life 4. Effect on beloved ones 5. Two types of support for beloved ones 6. Appendix â€Æ' Introduction This report includes a brief introduction on the HIV virus and then resources that are available to the individuals that have been affected by HIV. It also includes measures that can enhance the quality of life of those affected and the effects this can have on the affected individual’s belovedRead MoreAids: the Silent Killer758 Words   |  4 PagesSilent Killer Introduction AIDS is one of the most commonly known sexually transmitted diseases. The last stages of HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, are what we know as AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV is similar to other viruses like the flu or common cold except the human immune system cannot destroy the virus. The virus can hide in the cells of the body for long periods of time and attacks important parts of the immune system like T-cells or CD4 cells. Once HIV destroys a lotRead MoreMedical Advances Throughout History And History1164 Words   |  5 Pagesconditions that are also chronic, but with no cure available. One such condition is HIV, or human immunodeficiency virus. According to Tortora, HIV is â€Å"the pathogen causing the loss of immune function that selectively infects helper T cells† (545). My goal in this paper is to show the advances modern medicine has achieved in discovering the different ways to combat this disease, whether it is attacking the virus directly or assisting our own body s ability to fight infection. Vaccinations are usuallyRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1325 Words   |  6 PagesImmunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the agent causing AIDS, is arguably the deadliest infectious disease to affect humans. Not only because of the affects it has on the body by the eventual collapse of the immune system, but because it is a master at evading and escaping the immune responses and antiretroviral drugs by constantly mutating and maintaining genetic variation. Vaccines are designed to recognize specific viral antigens which makes it almost impossible to develop one against HIV. Recent studiesRead MoreHIV/AIDS: The Structure and Morphology of Infectious Agent1508 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿HIV/AIDS Introduction HIV remains a world epidemic for all governments, whether super powers or developing nations. It infects and affects all people, generations, age, religion and any other division that exists (CAPAC Recognizes APIA HIV/AIDS Awareness Day 13). The Human Immunodeficiency Virus results into AIDS once fully developed. It currently affects millions of people in the United States, with new infections occurring everyday despite the several measures of sensitization and preventionRead MoreHiv / Aids : A Deadly Disease1474 Words   |  6 PagesName Course Tutor Date HIV/AIDS Introduction Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome, which is popularly known as AIDS is a deadly disease as it attacks and adversely destroys body’s immune system. AIDS is brought about by a virus called Human Immune-Deficiency Virus, better known as HIV. This virus is minute, even invisible to a powerful microscope and can remain in the body for years without showing any visible symptoms. AIDS is the final stage of infection of the virus. It takes a period of aboutRead MoreHiv / Aids : The Philippines And Vietnam1228 Words   |  5 PagesHIV/ AIDS The Philippines and Vietnam Courtney Tester Case Study Research Paper Submitted in partial fulfillment for HLS 450: Global Health I. Introduction In this case study, I will be comparing the two countries Vietnam and the Philippines. I will be studying the rates of HIV/ AIDS and also looking in to what plans are put in place to lower these rates. Vietnam is located in the South East Asian area near the Indochinese Peninsula. (Cima, 1987). Ethnic differences was the settling factorRead MoreReflection Paper on Hiv/Aisd1306 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to HIV/AIDS The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported in the United States in the spring of 1981. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, had been isolated. Early in the U.S. HIV/AIDS pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of AIDS was clearly established. Injection drug use (IDU) was identified as a direct route of HIV infection and transmission among injection drug users. The largest group of earlyRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Introduction HIV, also known as the human immunodeficiency virus attacks and destroys the CD4 cells of the immune system. The CD4 are a type of white blood cell that have the role of preventing disease, when the level of these cells reduces due to the HIV virus the ability of the body to fight and prevent disease also reduces; at this stage a person is said to have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs). Epidemiology According to the world health organisationRead MoreHiv / Aids ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Human Immune Deficiency )1249 Words   |  5 Pagesprovides a brief introduction to the topic of HIV/AIDS, (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Human Immune Deficiency) from its early appearance as a deadly communicable disease that causes a viral infection in humans. During the 1960’s the infection was largely due to unprotected sex; the victims contracted the disease mostly due to unprotected sexual contacts from others who already had the virus. It became an epidemic and even pandemic. Those infected eventually died from HIV/AIDS as it came

Richard Nixon Free Essays

On August 8th 1974 Richard Nixon became the first American president ever to resign from office. His final action was the imminent consequence of more than two years of political controversy, of public displays of discontent towards the media, and ultimately of obvious attempts to minimize and cover up a scandal that, in the end, proved to be fatal for the outcome of his presidential mandate. He would later recall, â€Å"This was the nightmarish end of a long dream† (Associated Press, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Richard Nixon or any similar topic only for you Order Now His last address to the nation as a standing president must be seen through this perspective and through the lens of the historical circumstances of the time. The overall perception of the exact purpose of the speech is still debatable, some of his critics accusing him of not giving a resignation speech, but rather a persuasive one. Despite these differences in ideas, one can reach a common ground and the conclusion that Nixon, while making his final official speech, also tried to save a dignifying image for posterity, later on implicitly underlining the importance the judgment of history had for him: â€Å"The jury has already come in, and there’s nothing that’s going to change it. There’s no appeal. Historians will judge it harshly.†(Stacks, 1994). In order to fully grasp the complex message behind the speech delivered by Nixon, certain elements are essential for building a proper image of the historical background of the time. Cristina Schaffner, in citing Christoph Sauer, points out the necessity for analyzing the wider context of the political discourse in order to understand and capture its overall meaning. She considers that â€Å"the analysis of political speeches in particular and political discourses in general should relate linguistic structures to larger contexts of communicative settings and political functions. Any public speech is part of a larger, more extensive communicative process and it is characterized as a strategic move in an overarching communicative plan. It can therefore be assessed properly only if the larger context is taken into account†( Schaffner, 1993, 203). Richard Nixon was the 37th elected president of the US and had the uphill endeavor of leading his nation through some of the most trying times of its history. Henry Kissinger, his Secretary of State would later on acknowledge the fact that â€Å"Nixon was the first president, after Theodore Roosevelt, to lead his country’s foreign policy largely in the name of the national interest†(Kissinger, 1995, 636). He admits, as do numerous other experts in external policy, that â€Å"the Nixon Administration was given the task of withdrawing the American troops from its first experience of a lost war, and from the first external commitment in which the American moral convictions collided with what was possible to achieve†(Kissinger,1995, 586). Therefore, the Vietnam War was the major issue of Nixon’s presidency. Another critical issue was that of the US-USSR relations that were in a tight point at the beginning of his term in office in 1969. Intimately connected was the situation with China which proved to be delicate and in demand of a diplomatic resolution. Stacks points out these elements: â€Å"By sheer endurance, he was the most important figure of the postwar era. Nixon put the country through some of its worst times, leading the red-scare politics of the 1950s, escalating the war in Vietnam in order to end it, trying with all his enormous energy and guile to defeat the legal processes that closed in on him during the Watergate scandal†(Stacks, 1994). Thus, it not the conduct of the foreign policy that brought his resignation, but rather his continuous conflicts with the Congress, that is the dispute between the Executive and the Legislative. All these aspects of the political reality are dealt with, so me more than others, in his final speech. Depending on his motivation, Nixon targeted more than one audience in his speech. Smith argues that â€Å"understanding the American audience in terms of the issues it holds dear, the positions it takes on those issues and the way it measures character is crucial to crafting speeches that resonate with the public.   Furthermore, due to the modern media, the president often addresses more than one audience at a time† (Smith, 2006). It was expected of him to start with the most pressing development of internal politics, which was the Watergate scandal. His political career had been stained by the possibility of being accused of obstructing justice procedures and abuse of power, yet his considerations on the matter were rather reluctant and until the final end, set for denial of all evidence shown to him in this respect (Impeachment, 2006). It was only after the irrefutable proof of taped conversations demonstrating his implication in the scandal that he tacitly admitted his guilt and acted on his resignation (Legacy: Richard M. Nixon, 37th president, 2006). Stacks even comments on the idea, calling the attention to the fact that â€Å"no other President in American history had been revealed to be so cynically, so selfishly breaking the law to preserve his own power. Other Presidents may have acted as ignobly, but none was caught so nakedly† (Stacks, 1994). Nixon’s mentioning of the scandal in the speech was quite lapidary, the term â€Å"Watergate† only being used twice throughout the text. It is therefore clear to say that he attempted to underplay its importance and to change the focus of the attention towards other aspects of his political actions. Within this line of argumentation, Nixon tried to appeal to the general public. He made use of personal references, by mentioning that â€Å"my family unanimously urged me to do so (to carry through to the finish whatever the personal agony it would have involved)†( Scholing, 2003) structuring his address on the need to reach out to the American people and thus offer them a certain justification of his actions, which he even stresses were carried out as â€Å"to do what was best for the nation†. Therefore, one of the aims of the speech was to attract the sense of public acceptance and along with this, a closure of the chapter. Throughout his speech though, he created for himself a number of different occasions to address the general public, the electorate and subsequently those who decide in a democratic system. One such occasion was the referral to the possibilities of the American people â€Å"to have not only the blessings of liberty but also the means to live full and good, and by the world’s standards even abundant lives†( Scholing, 2003). Such political rhetoric could only have pointed to the important achievements his administration had registered, although he did mention the inflation problems facing the society. Even so, he managed to draw the attention on the wellbeing of the nation by similar comparisons with the rest of the world. In justifying the wide media and public attention that the Watergate scandal had received, and, at the same time, in supporting Nixon’s confidence in the internal and external US position, Walter McDougall, a historian at the University of Pennsylvania, said that â€Å"the American people could afford to obsess continuously over this affair and paralyze the nation†¦the American people wouldn’t have put up with that if they had thought the country was in danger†(Anderson, 2004). Nixon pointed out the successes of his administration in relation to the main international actors such as the USSR, China and the players in the Middle East. Even though, in general, the American public is less interested in foreign affairs and more in domestic issues, the Vietnam War and the broader context that determined its final outcome had provoked great unrest among regular Americans, and had created a rift in the society. Therefore, when invoking the fact that â€Å"we have ended America’s longest war† (Scholing, 2003) he also tried to offer a sense of reassurance that would, in the long run, help heal the wounds of the nation. A well delimited part of the speech was aimed at underlining the distinctiveness between â€Å"I† and â€Å"Congressional and other leaders†. While addressing the public, he tried to make a clear delimitation between what the public might consider â€Å"good† such as himself, and â€Å"evil† such as those in search of his indictment. He strongly stressed the lack of Congressional support in his strive to uphold what he considered to be â€Å"the constitutional purpose†. There were even opinions that considered Nixon to have â€Å"acknowledged his lonely isolation in his televised resignation speech† (Anderson, 2004). Therefore he subtly lets himself to be portrayed as the less eager to continue the battle with the Congress, fact that had an opposite effect on the elective body. By mentioning his lack of further action for the purpose of revenge, as he would not â€Å"continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication† (Scholing, 2003), he skillfully managed to sow the seed of doubt in the public’s mind over the real reasons for the Congress’ actions. Furthermore, he would appear in the eyes of the public as the one that appealed to a common and acceptable solution on behalf of both parties. Therefore, it could be said that, in the public view, he managed to partially save a certain political dignity. The presentation of the new president was, from a strictly political perspective, an electoral maneuver. Its placement after the subtle â€Å"attack† of the Congress insured the transfer of the political support he enjoyed among his own traditional electorate. His reaffirmed trust in Ford’s capabilities was also meant to lie to rest any uncertainties in the future course of policy. It is rather obvious that, following that passage, the continuous and vigorous call for mobilization to take further the actions started by his administration, Nixon attempted to give an additional level of credibility to all that was previously said. His determination and explicit support for his successor was designed as a display of confidence and conviction in his arguments that, among others, motivated his innocence in the Watergate scandal. Taking into consideration the concurring factors that eventually led to the resignation of President Nixon, it can be concluded that his final speech addressed exactly the variety of these issues. Summing up the pulse of the era, McDougall considers that â€Å"even Watergate will some day be put in a larger context and will be seen as the most dramatic episode in a rebellion by Congress and the courts against executive power† (Anderson, 2004). In addressing the American people, he tried both to justify his actions and to subtly state the difference of opinion with the Congress. Bibliography Anderson, Hill. â€Å"Analysis: Nixon’s watershed presidency†. The Washington Times. 2004. 14 Mar. 2006. http://washingtontimes.com/upi-breaking/20040806-013330-6091r.htm Associated Press. â€Å"Nixon’s resignation changed American politics forever†. Aug. 1999. 14 Mar. 2006 http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/08/06/nixon.resigns/ â€Å"Impeachment†. American Experience. 2006. 14 Mar. 2006. http://watergate.info/impeachment/impeachmentarticles.shtmlhttp://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/rn37/speeches/resign.htm Kissinger, Henry. Diplomacy. London: Simon Schuster, 1995. â€Å"Legacy: Richard M. Nixon, 37th president†. 2006. 14 Mar. 2006. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/37_nixon/nixon_legacy.html Schaffner, Cristina. â€Å"Political speeches and discourse analysis†. Current issues in language and society. 1996: 203. 14 Mar. 2006. http://www.multilingual-matters.net/cils/003/0201/cils0030201.pdf Scholing, Peter. â€Å"Richard Milhous Nixon. Resignation Speech, August 8, 1974†. From Revolution to Reconstruction. 2003. 14 Mar. 2006. http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/rn37/speeches/resign.htm Smith, Craig R. â€Å"Speechwriting in the Nixon and Ford White Houses†. California State University. 14 Mar. 2006http://www.csulb.edu/~crsmith/nixford.html Stacks, John F. â€Å"Victory In Defeat†. Time. 2 May, 1994. How to cite Richard Nixon, Essay examples Richard Nixon Free Essays CATE LARSEN//PD7RICHARD NIXON11/26 Richard Nixon; the name alone brings to mind terrible words along the lines of scandal and failure. Nixon was the 37th president of the United States. He was also the first and last president to resign from office. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard Nixon or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the scandals leading to Nixon’s resignation definitely overshadowed his humble beginnings and the accomplishments he made as president during the notorious decades of the Cold War. Richard Milhous Nixon was born to Francis and Hannah Nixon on January 9, 1913 on a lemon ranch his father built in Yorba Linda, California. His early life was marked by financial hardship and by the deaths of his brothers. In 1922, after the failure of the ranch, Frank Nixon opened a grocery store in which the entire Nixon family worked in order to make ends meet. Nixon was always an active student, pursuing his interests in student government, drama, and football while living at home and helping to run the family’s store. After marrying Pat Ryan in 1940, Nixon moved on to join a law firm and enlist in the Navy. Further careers prior to his Presidency involved Congressman and Senator. As a two-term congressman, he served on the Education and Labor Committee and supported the enactment of the Taft-Hartley Act, which greatly restricted the powers of labor unions. Nixon moved on to take the role of the California Senate seat in 1950. Nixon’s prominence as an anti-Communist soon brought him national attention. Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Republican candidate for president in 1952, selected Nixon as his running mate. As Vice President, Nixon took on major duties in the Eisenhower Administration. Under Eisenhower, Nixon made the vice presidency a visible and important office. In July 1959, Eisenhower sent Nixon to the Soviet Union to represent the United States at the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, the Soviet capital. While touring the exhibit with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, the pair stopped at a model of an American kitchen. There they engaged in an improv discussion about the American standard of living that quickly escalated into an exchange over the two countries ideological and military strength. Nixon’s performance in the â€Å"kitchen debate† further raised his stature back in the United States. Nixon was so popular with the American people that he went on to run for President himself in 1960, but he lost by a narrow margin to John F. Kennedy. After losing another minor election Nixon publically announced his political career was over. The Nixon family moved to New York during what Nixon himself later referred to as his â€Å"wilderness years. † In January 1968, Nixon decided to once again seek the nomination of the Republican Party for president. Portraying himself as a figure of stability in a time of national upheaval, Nixon promised a return to traditional values and â€Å"law and order. † Nixon shocked the world by not only winning his party’s nomination but dominating the race and becoming the 37th president of the United States. Nixon’s first term of presidency was full of accomplishments. Once in office, Nixon and his staff faced the problem of how to end the Vietnam War. Nixon made a nationally televised address on November 3, 1969, calling on Americans to renew their confidence in the government and back his policy of seeking a negotiated peace in Vietnam. Earlier that year, Nixon and his Defense Secretary Melvin Laird had unveiled the policy of â€Å"Vietnamization,† which entailed reducing American troop levels in Vietnam and transferring the burden of fighting to South Vietnam. Nixon not only succeeded in ending American fighting in Vietnam but improved relations with the U. S. S. R. and China. Other accomplishments while in office included revenue sharing, the end of involuntary drafting of soldiers, new anti-crime laws, and a broad environmental program. He appointed Justices of conservative philosophy to the Supreme Court. Nixon was also President during 1969 when the first men landed on the moon, a thrilling success for America against Russia in the race for space. But this wasn’t the end of Nixon’s success. Richard Nixon’s most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. Nixon’s foreign policy aimed to reduce international tensions by forging new links with old rivals. After being reelected by popular vote to a second term as president in 1972, Nixon paid visits in February to Beijing and Moscow where he reduced tensions with China and the U. S. S. R, permanently opening communications with China. Nixon’s trip was the first high-level contact between the United States and the People’s Republic of China in more than twenty years, and it ushered in a new era of relations between Washington and Beijing. In May 1972 Nixon worked with Russia to produce the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, the first ever comprehensive and detailed nuclear weapons limitation pact between the two superpowers. The Watergate scandal rocked Nixon’s presidency which had thus far been successful. During the election campaign of 1972, the Democratic National Committee had offices inside the Watergate building. On June 17, 1972, police caught five men trespassing inside the hotel. The men were attempting to hide bugs inside these offices. The FBI reported that the Watergate break-in was part of widespread spying and sabotage designed to help President Nixon win reelection. More and more people connected to Nixon resigned, were fired, or were convicted of crimes dealing with their involvement in the Watergate scandal. Meanwhile, the U. S. Senate Watergate Committee began court hearings. When the Senate Watergate Committee and a case prosecutor asked to hear tape recordings of all office calls to Nixon’s office since 1971, the President refused to hand the tapes over. Nixon’s popularity slowly began to sap. The U. S. Supreme Court ordered Nixon to hand over tapes of 64 White House conversations. Days later, the House Judiciary Committee passed one of three articles required to impeach the President. The following month, on August 8, 1974, Nixon announced his resignation. It was the first time in history that a U. S. president had resigned. Gerald Ford was sworn in as President the next day. Such controversies all but overshadowed Nixon’s other initiatives in his second term, such as the signing of the Paris peace accords ending American involvement in the Vietnam war in January 1973; two summit meetings with Brezhnev, in June 1973 in Washington and in June and July 1974 in Moscow; and the administration’s efforts to secure a general peace in the Middle East following the Yom Kippur War of 1973. However, faced with what seemed almost certain impeachment, Nixon announced on August 8, 1974, that he would resign the next day to begin â€Å"that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America. † Vice President Ford took over as president of the United States. On September 8, 1974, Ford pardoned Nixon for â€Å"all offenses against the United States† which Nixon â€Å"has committed or may have committed or taken part in† during his presidency. In response, Nixon issued a statement in which he said that he regretted â€Å"not acting more decisively and forthrightly in dealing with Watergate. Thus ended the controversial presidency of Richard Nixon. Based on his humble beginnings and the major accomplishments he did make during his presidency, I personally do not view Nixon as a bad president. It’s unfortunate that Watergate overshadowed all the good he did for our country. Being a successful president during such a controversial time as th e Cold War was not easy, yet Nixon managed to escort America into a time peace after decades of turmoil. So the next time I think of Nixon, the name won’t bring scandalous words to mind. Words of success will appear in their place because after all, Nixon was a human like the rest of us, and humans make mistakes. BIBLIOGRAPHY – 1) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Richard_Nixon 2) http://watergate. info/chronology/brief. shtml 3) http://www. infoplease. com/ipa/A0760621. html How to cite Richard Nixon, Papers Richard Nixon Free Essays Richard Nixon is Good Richard Nixon is considered to be one of the worst presidents of our time and for very good reasons. He lied under oath about knowledge of the Watergate scandal, he illegally invaded Cambodia and violated international law, and he installed wiretaps. All these actions caused him to resign from the Presidential office. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard Nixon or any similar topic only for you Order Now What we don’t think about, is all the good he did. Nixon did a lot for our country. From foreign affairs o the environment, he accomplished much during his time as president. First of all, one of his greatest accomplishments was the d ©tente with the Republic of China. He was the first president to visit the country, and he opened trade with China and bettered the economy by making China its biggest trade partner. He came to agreements with both China and the Soviet Union where the use of nuclear weapons would stop being used. Nixon accomplished much with our nation’s environment. He passed many acts hich included the National Environmental Policy of 1969, The Environmental Protection Agency of 1970, The Clean Air Act Extension of 1970, Marine Mammal Protection of 1972, the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, and the Endangered Species Act of 1973. We can thank him for making our environment a better place. Besides improving our environment, President Nixon also accomplished much under Civil Rights. It is because of Nixon that women have equal pay and employment opportunities today. Nixon also worked towards racism towards African Americans and helped stop the segregation towards them in the school systems. Even though President Nixon had a lot of faults and made a lot of mistakes, he couldVe handled things a lot better. So why look at only his faults? He did a lot for our country and doesn’t deserve all the mistrust that people feel towards him. History seems only to remember the faults of people, but in the very end, he was actually a really good president How to cite Richard Nixon, Papers

Information and Communication Technology A Magento Case Study

Question: Discuss about theInformation and Communication Technology for a Magento Case Study. Answer: Introduction E-commerce and ICT are inseparable as e-commerce industry is fully dependent on ICT for its intensification and related operation. One of the examples of ICT is e-commerce. ICT is defined as an umbrella, which uses computers, software and hardware in order to communicate, store and requisite important information (Barnes Hunt, 2013). The perspective for the growth of e-commerce is very high in developing countries but due to the lack of ICT infrastructure, the rate of growth is hampered (Huang Benyoucef, 2013). The growth of e-commerce is fully dependent on the infrastructure of ICT. ICT and e-commerce is the powerful tool for development, but their potential is impossible to achieve if basic policies are not established. The report discusses one of the ongoing projects of Australia that is on web designing using Magneto CMS. The web is designed for the Haunt Green project of John Dealer. In this report, the context, requirement and challenges of the project is discussed. There are many challenges that the Haunt Green project is facing. In order to minimize the challenges and for flourishing the business of Haunt Green, proper key factors has been discussed in this report. Project Context John dealer of Australia have started a project on Haunt Green, which includes designing of website for the perspective of growth of e-commerce. John dealer wants to sell its different product through online marketing (Digital Melbourne, 2016). Therefore, the dealer started a project on Haunt Green. The project Haunt Green requires a website for selling the products of John dealer. For designing the project firstly, the staffs gather all the information regarding requirement of the project. A workshop is started that helps in defining the online marketing strategy and planning the e-commerce website (Almeida et al., 2014). For inventory management, the clients have existing systems and therefore the planning of integration is made carefully for ensuring that the dates of online stock are up to date or not. Once all the requirements are gathered, creation of wireframes has been started for laying out the elements in visual formats. The most important feature of Magneto is its ability to extend the functionality through the application of third party (Ong Teh, 2016). After the planning process is completed, research process is started for getting the correct mix of extension in order to install and configure for the Hunt Green site. The extension of the project includes Shopper discount coupons, Google shopping product, eBay integration and an automated mailing system. Project Requirement Serial No. Requirements Explanation 1. Magneto Magneto is a content management system (CMS) that is used for the development of website. It is mainly used due to its most important feature of extending the functionality through the application of third party (Rawat Divekar, 2014). 2. PayPal PayPal is used for payment Gateway. 3. Temando Temando who provide freight services offers a live shipping estimate calculator on the display cart and page (Schniederjans et al., 2013). This helps in reducing the shopping abandonment by providing customers their delivered cost for their order. 4. E-way E-way payment gateway helps in offering secure services for the payment. It also integrates with the Magneto stores so that customers can check out their easily before leaving the store (Sila, 2013). 5. Amazon web services Amazon web services is mainly used for separating the functions that is used for specializing services which includes RDS for hosting the database, EC2 for web server etc. 6. EBay The catalogue of the product is synchronized with eBay in order to view more exposures in marketplaces. Orders of eBay are synchronized for using the multi store capability (Widjaja, 2015). 7. Google Ad Words It is used for advertising of products. Challenges There are many challenges that an online business faces. Some of the unique challenges in the development of Haunt green project include: Change in the purchase of traditional agricultural parts Haunt green is changing its agricultural products and this requires patience and persistence while buyers change their buying habits. In order to provide rewards to customers who buy products generally, they are providing the products at for promoting the minimum prices (Huang Benyoucef, 2013). Therefore, it is a challenge to promote the online store of Haunt Green to customers who have purchased parts from a physical dealer. Migration of 1 million of product into the catalogue of Magneto Serving a catalogue with 1 million products is of no use. Some of the challenges that are due to the catalogue include maintenance of a search engine that is very much efficient and also provides relevant results keeping the load time of the page minimum (Schniederjans et al., 2013). It is done in order to keep the users engaged. Secondly, creation of site structure is also one of the most important challenges as it allows conceptual navigation for users for finding the products and for creating enough contents for making a confident decision of buying. Sharing of online inventory with mortar and bricks store The most important requirement for the project includes unified inventory for both physical and online stores (Ong Teh, 2016).This means that the website needs to be integrated with existing office system that was used for invoicing and inventory. Best Practice Model and Key Success Factors The most important practice to flourish is business is by providing best services to the customers. Varieties of products should help in attracting customers. Products must be provided with quality at lower prices so that the customers became loyal buyer of John Dealer (Almeida et al., 2014). It is very much necessary to respond to the customers properly in order to provide effective communication. The key success factors for the Haunt Green website are: Brand: In order to build up the reputation, online business of Haunt Green must respond to its customers promptly (Schniederjans et al., 2013). Rebates must if offered if the customers are dissatisfied with the products. Access to unique resources: Success can be achieved by accessing unique products because customers get attracted by different products (Huang Benyoucef, 2013). The online business must not be oriented in a specific field. Access to different field provides variations in resources. Customer loyalty: It the service provided by the Haunt Green website satisfies customers then they became loyal purchasers (Rawat Divekar, 2014). In order to increase develop the growth of the business it is very much important to make the customers loyal. Financial resources: The financial resources must be used properly and must be saved as much as possible. Proper cost analysis must be taken from time to time in order to utilize the financial resources effectively. Example: The cost of printing gets saved if the document is emailed o the client (Widjaja, 2015). Access to distribution Channel: Advertising should not be limited to search engines. (Ong The, 2016). In order to achieve success other advertising medium such as email, magazines, video and many more must be chosen. Recommendation In order to flourish the business, the Haunt website must improve its effectiveness. The improvement comes with some of the recommendation includes: Sponsorship must be built and it is very much necessary to have involvement from the managers that are at operational level. The gap between different markets must be reduced in order to flourish the business. The most necessary step is to reduce the gap between the It and marketing sectors of the business. Investment must be made by improving the e-business and cost measurement strategies must include cross- channel measurement metrics bin order to determine the exact value of the organization. It is very much important to specify the internal competitive of e- business. Maturity of the E-business must be measured properly with the objectives of strategic business, online business etc. Differentiation must be made between long term and short term projects for reorganizing the IT and outsourcing sectors properly. This will help in enabling the organization more flexible for meeting the demands of the business. Conclusion It is concluded that the website of Haunt Green will help in flourishing the business if key success factors will be followed properly. The best and the most important thing in online business s advertising.. The Haunt green must advertise it products on different social media sites. The website must facilitate with varieties of product at reasonable prices so that everyone can afford it. The challenges that The Haunt Green website must try its best for avoiding the challenges that it is facing. The challenges include Change in the purchase of traditional agricultural parts, Migration of 1 million of product into the catalogue of Magneto and Migration of 1 million of product into the catalogue of Magneto. The Haunt Green must adopt strategies for reducing the challenges. Key success factors such as brand, loyalty of the customers, financial resources, Access to distribution Channel and unique resources. In order to flourish the business, the Haunt website must improve its effectivene ss. References Almeida, F., Santos, J. D., Monteiro, J. A. (2014). E-commerce business models in the context of web3. 0 paradigm.arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.6102. Barnes, S., Hunt, B. (Eds.). (2013).E-commerce and v-business. Routledge. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia. Digital, N. Melbourne, N. (2016).A Magento Case Study: Hunt Green Online Store. Ecommerce development by NBS.Digital.Nbs.digital. Retrieved 13 August 2016, from https://nbs.digital/our-work/case-studies/hunt-green-online-store.php Huang, Z., Benyoucef, M. (2013). From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,12(4), 246-259. Ong, C. E., Teh, D. (2016). Redress procedures expected by consumers during a business-to-consumer e-commerce dispute.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,17, 150-160. Rawat, S., Divekar, R. (2014). Developing a Social Media Presence Strategy for an E-commerce Business.Procedia Econ. Financ,11, 626-634. Schniederjans, M. J., Cao, Q., Triche, J. H. (2013). E-Commerce And Inventory Management.World Scientific Book Chapters, 171-194. Sila, I. (2013). Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies.Electronic Commerce Research,13(2), 199-236. Widjaja, H. A. E. (2015, November). E-commerce implementation to support ornamental fish breeders in Indonesia. In2015 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI)(pp. 1-7). IEEE. Xue, W., Li, D., Pei, Y. (2016). The Development and Current of Cross-border E-commerce.Development. Zhu, L., Thatcher, S. M., Thatcher, M. E. (2014). Institutional Environment for Business-to-Business (B2B) E-Commerce Usage: Toward an Understanding in the Chinese Context.Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research,16(3-4), 127-154.